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research/
satellite propulsion
We study how compressible gases expand through micro-scale thruster nozzles — and turn that understanding into more efficient, reliable, and controllable propulsion for CubeSats. If spacecraft propulsion fascinates you, read on.
Optimization of compressible flow expansion in micro-scale thruster nozzles for cubesat propulsion
◇ WHY MICRO-PROPULSION MATTERS
CubeSats are transforming access to space by enabling low-cost missions for Earth observation, communication, scientific research, and technology demonstration.
But these small satellites require propulsion systems that are compact, lightweight, and highly efficient. Tasks such as orbit correction, attitude control, and formation flying depend on precise thrust generation from micro-scale thrusters operating under demanding conditions.
The result: performance limitations caused by compressible flow effects, shock formation, and restricted expansion space. Understanding these phenomena is how you build more capable and reliable spacecraft propulsion systems.
The questions we are chasing
The objective: analyze and optimize compressible flow expansion within micro-thruster nozzles for improved propulsion efficiency. That breaks down into four engineering questions.
Q1
How does compressible flow behave inside micro-scale nozzle geometries?
Q2
What role do shocks and flow instabilities play during expansion?
Q3
How do nozzle design parameters influence thrust performance?
Q4
Which operating conditions maximize expansion efficiency and controllability?
Why it is hard
Unlike conventional propulsion systems, micro-thrusters operate at extremely small scales where compressibility effects, thermal gradients, and shock interactions dominate flow behavior.
01
High-speed compressible flow within confined geometries
02
Shock formation over short expansion distances
03
Large pressure and temperature gradients
04
Strong sensitivity to nozzle geometry variations
05
Complex flow instabilities affecting performance
◇ METHODOLOGY
Built in CFD, run in ANSYS Fluent.
We use Computational Fluid Dynamics to simulate high-speed gas expansion through converging-diverging micro-nozzles and investigate how flow structures evolve under varying operating conditions. Numerical simulations allow us to study interactions across parameters we control:
Together these reveal how micro-scale flow behavior influences thrust generation and propulsion efficiency.
What we measure
Velocity and pressure distribution throughout the nozzle
Mach number evolution during expansion
Temperature variation and thermal gradients
Shock formation and flow interaction regions
Expansion efficiency and thrust performance
Flow stability under varying operating conditions
Why it matters
Improved thrust efficiency and precision control
Enhanced reliability for CubeSat missions
Optimized micro-thruster nozzle designs
Support for long-duration spacecraft operations
Insights for future small satellite propulsion technologies
Let's power the next generation of space missions.
This program welcomes anyone drawn to spacecraft propulsion, compressible flow, CFD and numerical simulation, shock-wave dynamics, or aerospace engineering. You will leave with real experience in advanced flow analysis and next-generation satellite propulsion design.
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